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31.
Gireesh Raghavan Chanjaplackal Kesavan Haridevi & Cherukara Purushothaman Gopinathan 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(10):1053-1058
The marine diatom Chaetoceros calcitrans f. pumilus has been examined for its potential source as live feed in aquaculture. The present study investigated effects of temperature (20, 25 and 30 °C), salinity (25 and 35) and carbon dioxide addition (air+CO2 ) on the growth and proximate composition of C. calcitrans under laboratory conditions. The growth and biomass of C. calcitrans were primarily affected by carbon dioxide addition, and to a lesser extent by temperature and salinity. In general, lipid and carbohydrate contents were higher at lower temperatures (20 and 25 °C), while the protein content was unaffected. Carbon dioxide addition increased protein, while lowering carbohydrates, but had no effect on lipid content. Carbohydrates were increased while lipids and protein decreased at the highest salinity (35±0.9). These results should be taken into consideration when evaluating the dietary value of this micro alga for aquaculture. 相似文献
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Abstract. Field margins are a valuable resource in the farmed landscape, providing numerous environmental benefits. We present a preliminary analysis of the carbon mitigation potential of different field margin management options for Great Britain, calculated using data from long-term experiments and literature estimates. The carbon sequestration potential of the individual options investigated here varies from 0.1 to 2.4% of 1990 UK CO2 -C emissions, or 0.7–20% of the Quantified Emission Limitation Reduction Commitment (QELRC). The scenarios investigated covered three possible margin widths and options for the management of margins at each width (viz. grass strips, hedgerows and tree strips). Scenarios involving margin widths of 2, 6 or 20 m would require approximately 2.3, 6.7 or 21.3% of the total arable area of Great Britain, respectively. Scenarios including tree strips offered the greatest potential for carbon sequestration, since large amounts would be accumulated in above-ground biomass in addition to that in soil. We also accounted for the possible impacts of changed land management on trace gas fluxes, which indicated that any scenario involving a change from arable to grass strip, hedgerow or tree strip would significantly reduce N2 O emissions, and thus further increase carbon mitigation potential. There would also be considerable potential for including the scenarios investigated here with other strategies for the alternative management of UK arable land to identify optimal combinations. We assumed that it would take 50–100 years for soil carbon to reach a new equilibrium following a land use change. More detailed analyses need to be conducted to include environmental benefits, socioeconomic factors and the full system carbon balance. 相似文献
33.
Irene Romero Carlos Fernandez Caballero María T. Sanchez-Ballesta María I. Escribano Carmen Merodio 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2009,54(2):118-121
We have analyzed the influence of the stage of ripeness on L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene expression, accumulation of anthocyanins and total phenolics, and on antioxidant activity in the skin of table grapes treated with 20% CO2 + 20% O2 + 60 % N2 for 3 or 6 d at low temperature (0 °C). The residual effect of high CO2 treatment after transfer to air was also studied. In early harvested grapes, neither the anthocyanin content nor the accumulation of VcPAL mRNA was affected by any of the CO2 treatments applied. However, in late harvested grapes, the duration of high CO2 treatment determined its effect and a 6 d treatment with CO2 sustained higher levels of total phenolics and anthocyanin accumulation, and VcPAL expression than observed in untreated late harvested grapes. The increased antioxidant capacity was correlated with the total amount of phenolics and anthocyanins. Conversely, in grapes treated for 3 d with CO2 the phenylpropanoid pathway did not appear to be induced and a relationship between antioxidant activity and anthocyanins was not observed. Thus, further studies are needed to identify the most important antioxidants in these treated fruit. 相似文献
34.
Abstract: Will future transportation carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita in Asia Pacific economies follow historical trends of the now developed world? Evidence to date is inconclusive. A comparison at similar income levels (purchasing power parity) between recent emissions in Asia Pacific countries and historical emissions in developed countries suggests diverging patterns. (A) High‐income Asia economies (Japan, Hong Kong and Singapore –‘low emitters’) exhibit lower emissions than a selected sample of seven developed countries (United States, Australia, France, the Netherlands, Italy, Sweden and United Kingdom). (B) Another set of Asian countries (South Korea and Taiwan –‘medium emitters’) follow the emissions trends of European countries, which are lower than those of Australia and the United States. (C) A third Asian group (Malaysia and Thailand –‘high emitters’) exhibit emission trends comparable to that of Australia. We describe these trends, examine their causes and extrapolate likely futures for emissions in low‐income Asia Pacific economies (China, Indonesia, Philippines and Vietnam). Although such predictions are speculative, the available evidence suggests that road CO2 emissions for Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam will follow those of the third group (high emitters), while those for China may follow either Group B or Group C. 相似文献
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溶液的酸度、二氧化碳、空气、微生物、光照及人为和环境等因素对硫代硫酸钠标准溶液浓度的稳定性有很大的影响,继而造成氮肥生产中有关碘量分析法的误差,通过控制溶液的pH值,防止二氧化碳气体的渗入,加强对分析人员的管理,可从根本上解决生产实际中硫代硫酸钠标准溶液出现的析硫现象,保持其浓度的稳定性. 相似文献
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本文作者根据二氧化氯自身特点及在水厂中的实践,论述了二氧化氯的主要物理性能,消毒氧化作用,制取方法,以及在水厂消毒中的应用。 相似文献
40.
板栗采后高CO2冲击处理对品质和耐藏性的影响 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
以“大红袍”板栗为试材 ,研究 0℃下 30 %~ 80 %的高CO2 冲击处理对板栗冷藏品质及耐藏性的影响。结果表明 ,高CO2 冲击处理可显著促进板栗乙醇的积累 ,提高乙醇脱氢酶活性 ;适度冲击处理使板栗在贮藏期间淀粉水解速率降低 ,减少营养物质的消耗 ;冲击处理对板栗风味有显著影响 ,30 %~ 80 %CO2 处理超过 2 0d ,板栗会出现不同程度异味 ,并且在一定限度内异味会随着贮藏时间的延长逐渐消除 ,恢复正常风味 ;若CO2 强度过大 ,则异味很难完全消除 ,并会对板栗造成了不可逆伤害。板栗采后在 0℃下用 4 0 %的CO2 处理 2 0d后再进行冷藏 ,既可以延长板栗的贮藏期 ,又能提高板栗的贮藏品质 ,整体贮藏保鲜效果最佳。 相似文献